Warhol produced the group's first album, The Velvet Underground and Nico, which has been called "the most influential record ever" by many critics. This was an alliance that forever changed the face of world culture. He paired Nico with the Velvets, and they developed a close bond with Warhol. It was around this time that he met Lou Reed, John Cale, Sterling Morrison, and Maureen Tucker (collectively known as The Velvet Underground), and a German-born model turned chanteuse called Nico. During this year, he made a surprise announcement of his retirement from painting, but it was to be short lived. His first solo museum exhibition was held at the Institute of Contempary Art, at the University of Pennsylvania. In the summer of 1965, Andy Warhol met Paul Morrissey, who became his advisor and collaborator. And at this time, he began his self portrait series. In November, his first solo exhibition in the US was held at Leo Castelli Gallery. In April, he received an Independent Film Award from Film Culture magazine. He received a commission from architect Philip Johnson to make a mural, entitled Thirteen Most Wanted Men for the New York State Pavilion in the New York World's Fair. In 1964, his first solo exhibition in Europe, held at the Galerie Ileana Sonnebend in Paris, featured the Flower series. In December, he began production of Red Jackie, the first of the Jackie series. In November of that year, he found a loft at 231 East 47th Street, which became his main studio, The Factory. Later, he drove to Los Angeles for his second exhibition at the Ferus Gallery. He met his assistant, Gerard Malanga, and started making his first film, Tarzan and Jane Regained. In 1963, he rented a studio in a firehouse on East 87th Street. In November of this year, Elanor Ward showed his paintings at Stable Gallery, and the exhibition began a sensation. In 1962, Warhol made paintings of dollar bills and Campbell soup cans, and his work was included in an important exhibition of pop art, The New Realists, held at Sidney Janis Gallery, New York. In 1961, using the Dick Tracy comic strip, he designed a window display for Lord & Taylor, at this time, major art galleries around the nation begin noticing his work. They were based on comic strips in the likes of Dick Tracy, Popeye, Superman, and two of Coca-Cola bottles. In 1960, Warhol began to make his first paintings. In 1957, received 36th Annual Art Directors Club Medal and Award of Distinctive Merit, for the I.Miller show advertisements, and Life Magazine published his illustrations for an article, "Crazy Golden Slippers". He published In The Bottom Of My Garden later that year. He began receiving accolades for his work, with the 35th Annual Art Directors Club Award for Distinctive Merit, for an I.Miller shoe advertisement. In April of this year, he was included in his first group exhibition, Recent Drawings USA, held at the Museum of Modern Art, New York. In 1956, he traveled around the world with Charles Lisanby, a television-set designer. Warhol published several books, including Twenty Five Cats Named Sam, and One Blue Pussy. It is around that time that he dyed his hair silver. Around 1953-1955, he worked for a theater group on the Lower East Side, and designs sets. He started illustrating books, beginning with Amy Vanderbilt's Complete Book of Etiquette. In 1952, his first solo exhibition was held at Hugo Gallery, New York, of drawings to illustrate stories by Truman Capote. His mother moved in with him, and Fritizie Miller become his agent. He also drew advertising for various magazines, including Vogue, Harper's Bazzar, book jackets, and holiday greeting cards.ĭuring the 1950s, he moved to an apartment on East 75th Street. Warhol's early jobs were doing drawings for Glamour, such as the Success is a Job in New York, and women's shoes. In New York, he met Tina Fredericks, art editor of Glamour Magazine. During this time, he moved in and out of several Manhattan apartments. Mark's Place off of Avenue A for a couple months. During college, he met Philip Pearlstein, a fellow student.Īfter graduation, Andy Warhol (having dropped the letter 'a' from his last name) moved to New York City, and shared an apartment with Pearlstein at St. Overcoming this, he graduated from Schenley High School in Pittsburgh in 1945, and enrolled in the Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie-Mellon University), graduating in June 1949. During his teenage years, Andy suffered from several nervous breakdowns. Around some time, the family moved to Pittsburgh. His father worked as a construction worker and later as a coal miner. Andrew Warhol's father, Ondrej, came from the Austria-Hungary Empire (now Slovakia) in 1912, and sent for his mother, Julia Zavackyová Warholová, in 1921.
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